Terrorism in Kenya Essay -- A Level Essays

Terrorism in Kenya Introduction Kenya has been the battlefield of tragic terrorist attacks on western interests twice since 1998 – once in 1998 when the US embassy was attacked and a second time in 2002 when a Israeli-owned Paradise hotel was bombed. In 1980, Jewish-owned Norfolk hotel was attacked by the PLO. Every single attack shared a common thread of irony: the majority of the lives lost were Kenyan, even though the ideology behind the attacks suggests that Kenyan and Kenyans were not involved in the political dynamic that precipitated the attacks. The paper seeks to understand the political, social and cultural variables that have thrown Kenya into the geo-political limelight insofar as the so-called ‘War on Terrorism’ is concerned. The paper ends by discussing the security and economic implications of Kenya’s foreign policy positions as they relate to the evolving Middle-East conflicts. Precipitating events The following are the major events that have been categorized as terrorist activities in Kenya. These are the events that actually transpired. There could conceivably be more that were and still are on the drawing board but never executed. In 1976, the famous Entebbe hostage crisis was witnessed in neighboring Uganda. Members of the Baader-Meinhof Group and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) seized an Air France airliner and its 258 passengers.They forced the airplane to land in Uganda. During a 35-minute battle, 20 Ugandan soldiers and all seven hijackers died along with three hostages. when Israeli commandos rescued the passengers. Uganda’s President and dictator Idi Amin arrived at the airport to give a speech in support of the PFLP and supplied the hijackers with extra troop... ... The Daily Nation (Nairobi), 1 December, 2002. [8] â€Å"US War With Iraq Could Be Averted† The East African Standard (Nairobi), March 2, 2003 [9] â€Å"Sudanese plant bombed by Pentagon was civilian† By Sarah Sloan, Worker's World Newspaper www.endiraqsanctions.net/resources/el-shifa.htm [10] â€Å"Sudanese plant bombed by Pentagon was civilian† By Sarah Sloan, Worker's World Newspaper www.endiraqsanctions.net/resources/el-shifa.htm [11] â€Å"The Mombasa Attack could Damage the Process of Tourism Recovery in Kenya† Professor Thea Sinclair and Dr. Guntur Sugiyarto, Christel DeHaan Tourism and Travel Research Institute [12] â€Å"An analysis of reactions to a U.S. government policy regarding compensation for African victims.† by Anthony Kuria, Advocate of the High Court of Kenya, www.africanconnections.com/AnthonyKuria.html

Boxing as a Metaphor

A film perhaps, could be considered as one of the most powerful medium in the field of communication. Creativity, per se, is a major factor in coming up with this kind of output. Not everyone is entitled that sense of creativity and at the same time, substance that would cater a â€Å"must-see† movie for all. Also, in coming up with a film, a film maker has all the means to incorporate underlying themes or messages in the film being produced.Some of the film makers have been successful in using this techniques, some, meanwhile, were not able to make their audience realize that their movies had something say beyond the denotative objects and situations in the film. Two of the films which incorporated metaphors or underlying themes on it are: Triumph of the Spirit and the Boxer and Death. The two mainly focused on the life of the protagonists with relation to boxing. Boxing was used as a form of metaphor in the said films. Triumph of the Spirit: An OverviewThe Triumph of the Spi rit was based on a true story of a boxer which took place during a Holocaust; it was released in 1989. Directed by Robert Young, it was the first ever film to be shot in the death camp of Auschwitz. Every detail was vividly shown in the film. Every detail was presented accurately—from the bread thrown into their dinner plates up to the wooden shoes that were worn by the prisoners. The movie is a true story focused on an Auschwitz concentration camp inmate named Salmo Arouch. Salmo, who was a boxing champion, was forced to be involved in a series of boxing bouts which tallied 200 win-or-die contests.â€Å"BOXING AS A METAPHOR† PAGE#2 The contest was conceptualized by the camp’s guards as they see it as a form of entertainment. The movie was set during the Holocaust of the Second World War which can be considered as one of the darkest parts of the modern history. The movie was made in the superlative description of authenticity. The film was basically about a boxe r named Salamo (played by William Dafoe). He was a Greek Jew who was sent to Auschwitz who almost died in the hands of the Nazi who captured him. He did not die as the Nazi learned that he was a champion boxer.The Nazi captors, seeking for some sort of entertainment, set a Boxing match, wherein Salamo won. The boxing matches continued with money involved. At least once a week, the Nazi captors would gather to drink and eat and also to watch their prisoners pound one another. Salamo was stuck in a very difficult situation. He would accidentally kill his opponent during bouts, or else, he himself would die. One of the camp’s gypsy prisoners (played by Edward James Olmos) appeared to be a fixer who would engage himself in a black market mainly focused on persuasion and bribery.Later, he became involved in Salamo’s plan to save his father in the prison. Unfortunately, the name of Salamo’s father was included in the list of those who would soon disappear. And when Sa lamo asked him if there anything that he could do to save his father, he merely replied, â€Å"Nothing, unless someone can be found to take his place. † â€Å"BOXING AS A METAPHOR† PAGE#3 The next predictable scene was that Salamo offered himself to replace his father. He volunteered that his name be included in the list of those who would soon disappear instead of his father.But he never really pushed through his plan. Only a few of the detainees of the Nazi captors managed to survive the Holocaust. Of course, many of them just chose to die instead of enduring the pain of the torture that had happened. But those who did not want to die, died anyway. Salamo managed to survive the Holocaust for he won enough fights during the â€Å"boxing contests. † The title of the movie was dubbed as â€Å"The Triumph of the Spirit. † Where did the concept of triumph become evident in the film? Salamo received his own triumph in the expense of his opponents.Another flaw that could be inferred in the movie is that it never really â€Å"introduced† the other characters—not even those who had significant roles. They were not even given their respective names. Basically, Triumph of the Spirit showed the horrors that can be inferred from the Holocaust part of the Second World War. Triumph of the Spirit: Boxing as a Metaphor Although boxing was not really the focus of the film, boxing was used to convey underlying themes and messages by the film maker. Salmo was a boxer during one of the darkest stages of the modern history.The story evolved on repression and abuse that happened among the prisoners perpetuated by the Nazi. â€Å"BOXING AS A METAPHOR† PAGE#4 The understanding of the film would entail a lot of creativity and a deeper comprehension of what was really the main point of the film. Basically, the main and obvious theme of the movie was â€Å"survival of the fittest. † â€Å"Survival of the fittest† would best describe that 200 win-or-die contest. The concentration camp appeared to be a place where you have only two choices—to continue to live or to accept death.That is, if you are strong enough to beat and â€Å"kill† your fellow inmates. Boxing appeared to be a manifestation of the cruelty and brutality that happened in the concentration camp. The movie also reflected a significant part of the history where the detainees of the Nazi captors had to go through all the hardship that the circumstance had to offer. Disappointingly, the movie also portrayed an individualist theme. In order for Salamo to survive he had to â€Å"unintentionally kill† his opponents who were also his co-inmates. Those who would not win the bouts were subjected to execution.The movie also assumed that the viewers were already oriented of the basics of the Holocaust. Boxing represents the struggles that the characters had to go through. Despite the flaws that could be observed in the film, the film maker was creative enough to use boxing as a metaphor in the movie. Boxing, aside from the struggles, could also signify as a defense mechanism against the Nazi captors. Boxing was portrayed as something which could save one’s life. In the case of Salamo, boxing became his â€Å"breathing apparatus. † â€Å"BOXING AS A METAPHOR† PAGE#5If not because of boxing, he might have died and his bouts did not reach to 200. Amazing how the film maker was able to come up with a metaphor that the viewers could dwell into. In life, just like in boxing, we have to get up whenever we are punched down. We have to maximize all the means that we have for us to survive. Ironically, the opponents of Salamo perhaps signified the hardships and problems that he had during the Holocaust era. Although quite inhumane, the bouts represented his winning over the predicaments that he had to face. His knowledge about boxing—or life rather—made him survive all of these.

The Use Of Therapeutic Techniques For The Client As A...

Communication is such a crucial concept when it comes to providing the best care for clients in need. In order to have a good conversation with a client there are special techniques to use. The client may be stressed or uncomfortable while carrying the conversation so it is important to use therapeutic techniques to ensure comfort and relaxation for the client. Therapeutic communication involve verbal and nonverbal skills in order to have a successful discussion with the client as a healthcare worker. What Went Well The interview started with the interviewer introducing the topic and summarizing what was going to happen. The interviewer made sure to explain the process and how everything said would be kept confidential. Making sure the person getting interviewed knows this information will give them time to think and express how they feel before they get questioned. The next step was to ask the client, â€Å"is there anything you would like to talk about?† By asking this question it will make the client feel in control which makes them feel more comfortable to continue. The interview went well and smooth because most of the questions were open- ended questions. An example of a question used was, â€Å"Okay, well what have they been doing that is getting you upset?† Asking a question like this made sure that the client would have a variety of things to say instead of just â€Å"yes† or â€Å"no†. An example of a closed- ended question would be, â€Å"Do their action make you upset?† Open- endedShow MoreRelatedNervous Process And Manifested By Auditory Hallucinations1708 Words   |  7 PagesDiagnosis 1 Disturbed sensory perception related to schizophrenic process and manifested by auditory hallucination. Goal 1. Voices are less frequent using a scale of 1 to 10 by third week of treatment 2. Alex will be able to identify and demonstrate a technique to distract him from the voices by the sixth week of treatment Expected outcome 1. Alex states he no longer hear voices 2. Compliant with medication(s) and other treatments 3. Will be able to participate in discharge planning 4. Eat food broughtRead MoreProfessionals To Distinguish The Influence Of Intrinsic999 Words   |  4 Pagesprofessionals to distinguish the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on the individuals, which is an effective use of therapeutic self. Goldman et al. (2004) describe complete AD interventions should provide supportive care to the patient and caregivers, promote independence, maintain body function and treat symptoms. Treatments can be briefly divided into cognition-, behaviour-, emotion- and stimulation-oriented approaches. For cognition-oriented intervention, an occupational therapistRead MoreEffective Communication Through Person Centered Care1154 Words   |  5 Pagesfamilies. In addition, to form a client -nurse relationship, therapeutic communication accentuates the care provider, through non-verbal, verbal and cultural norms. Lastly self-awareness allows the nurse to be aware of the patient’s conditions, needs and culture. Being aware of those factors leads to a negotiating mutual understanding where the patient feel encouraged and develop the ability to trust the nurse. Without person/woman centered care, self-awareness and therapeutic communication, nurse professionalsRead MoreAn Ethical Issue I Have Found Challenging At My Agency954 Words   |  4 Pageshave found challenging at my agency is negative talk about clients. While this seems like a minor or non-issue at the surface, I believe it is an issue that can bring forth more severe problems, if left unchecked. The way we talk about others can color our opinions of them. A study on gossip, which is defined as â€Å"negative evaluative talk about an absent third party† shows that it is positively correlated to suboptimal care in healthcare workers, and it is negatively correlated to patient safety. EvenRead MoreWestern and Traditional Healthcare1715 Words   |  7 PagesHealthcare professionals have been trying to establish western healthcare in Haiti due to the increasing number of Haitians being infected by AIDS. However, Haitians choose to see voodoo priests instead of western medical doctors because religion is very important to them and voodoo priests provide the spiritual healing they seek. The consequence of western doctors not understanding the importance of voodoo religion in the treatment process is the biggest deterrent to Haitians accepting western healthcareRead MoreHuman Rights Is A Global Issue Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pagesdie because they are homosexuals, not getti ng clean water, no access to healthcare, people are dying because of their ethnicity’s etc. Humans are not born racist, homophobic or sexist; we were born equal. Understanding Human Rights state that â€Å"human rights are those rights, which are inherent in our nature and without which we cannot live as human beings. Human rights and fundamental freedoms allow us to fully develop and use our human qualities, our intelligence, our talents and our conscience andRead More Ethical and Legal Considerations in Social Work1094 Words   |  5 Pages Shaniya Robinson arrives at the County Human Services Authority for her monthly appointment with her social worker. Ms. Robinson is a 25 year old African American female who is receiving treatment for schizophrenia from the adult behavioral health services program. During a session the client reports that she is under a great deal of stress because she is having difficulty adjusting to being a new mother. Her five month old baby girl Shanice is teething and cries frequently. Ms. Robinson is alsoRead MorePhysical Therapy And Occupational Therapy1633 Words   |  7 PagesPhysical/Occupational Therapy Abstract The history of Physical Therapy and Occupational was first developed in 1912; President Mary McMillan, an executive committee of elected officers, led the association. Physical therapy is a healthcare profession primarily concerned with the remediation of impairments and the disabilities of people. PTs diagnose and treat individuals of all ages with injuries that limit movement and the ability to perform functional activities in their daily lives.Read MoreThe United States ( U.s. ) Essay2094 Words   |  9 Pagesto be culturally diverse. With the immigrant s movement into the U.S., healthcare workers, and the U.S. healthcare system, are finding it difficult to deliver the healthcare needs of U.S. population. One difficulty hinges on the ability of the healthcare providers to communicate amongst each other and its ability to communicate with the patient. This communication obstacle is especially true in Hawaii, where healthcare workers face multi-diverse ethnic groups along with the ir very diverse culturesRead MoreEffective Communication And Communication Between The Doctor And Patient Based On The Fourth Clip1569 Words   |  7 Pagesis fundamental to delivering great patient care in healthcare settings. It is critically important to create an environment in which clients are able to express their needs and concerns, especially to alert health providers to unsafe situations. However, communication failures occur sometimes due to a series of inappropriate verbal and non-verbal communication, which finally lead to confusion or conflict. There are a number of effective techniques that can be used to resolve conflicts. This essay